- WebSocket: Full duplex over TCP
- gRPC with bidirectional streaming: Over HTTP/2
- QUIC: Underlying for HTTP/3, UDP-based, supports multiplexing
- MQTT: Lightweight pub/sub, ideal for IoT
- AMQP: Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (e.g. RabbitMQ)
- RTSP/RTMP: Real-time streaming protocols